Race-condition filters describe the race itself — not the individual horse. They answer questions like "what grade of race is this?", "how far is it?", "what's the ground like?" and "how big is the field?". Reach for these when your idea is about a type of contest — for example "sprint handicaps on soft ground" or "big-field maidens in the autumn".

A quick bit of jargon first. A handicap is a race where the official handicapper gives each horse a weight to carry based on its ability, trying to give them all an equal chance — so form and weight matter enormously. Class is the quality tier of the race (Class 1 is the best, Class 7 the lowest). Going is the state of the ground, from firm/fast to soft/heavy. A furlong is one-eighth of a mile (8 furlongs = 1 mile). The field size is how many horses ran.

Where & what kind of race

• Course — pick one or more racecourses (e.g. Ascot, Newmarket). "Is any of" includes only those tracks; "Is none of" excludes them. Use this to focus on a course you know well, or to strip out a track you don't trust.
• Race Type — the code of racing: Turf (flat on grass), A/W (flat on an all-weather/synthetic surface), Chase (jumps over fences), Hurdle (jumps over hurdles), or NHF (National Hunt Flat, a.k.a. "bumper" — a flat race for jumps horses). You'd use this to keep a system to, say, jumps only.
• Surface — narrows the ground type to Turf or a specific all-weather surface: Polytrack, Tapeta or Laytown (Laytown is the unique sand-beach course in Ireland). Tip: for any all-weather track, just use Race Type = A/W instead — Surface is for when the exact synthetic matters.

Grade & classification

• Class (1-7) — the numeric quality band, where 1 is the highest grade and 7 the lowest. You can match a single class, a list, or a range ("between"). Example: set 1 to 3 for top-tier racing only.
• Class Letter — the same quality idea expressed as letters, Class A (highest) through Class H. An older lettering scheme; pick whichever you're more comfortable reading.
• Classification (any of) — the descriptive labels a race carries. A single race can hold several at once (e.g. a "Listed Fillies" race), so this matches if the race has any of the ones you tick. Options include Maiden, Novice, Selling, Claiming, Classified, Nursery, Conditions, Auction, Rated Stakes, Fillies, Mares, Juvenile, EBF, Group 1/2/3, Grade 1/2/3, Listed and Hunters Chase. (A maiden is for horses that have never won; a nursery is a handicap for 2-year-olds; Group/Grade/Listed are the elite races.) Use this to target, say, all maidens.
• Classification (none of) — the exact opposite: excludes any race carrying the labels you tick. Handy for removing low-grade selling/claiming races from a system.
• Pattern / Listed Race — a Yes/No shortcut for the very best races: any Group 1-3, Grade 1-3 or Listed contest. Yes = elite races only.
• Maiden / Novice — a Yes/No shortcut for the two beginner grades (maidens and novices), where horses are still relatively unexposed.
• Seller / Claimer — a Yes/No shortcut for selling and claiming races (the lowest grades, where horses can be bought out of the race).
• Race Name — a free-text search of the race title. "Contains" matches a word you type, "Does not contain" excludes it. Examples given: Maiden, Novice, Listed. Useful when a label you want isn't a tidy classification tick-box.

Handicap status

• Handicap — a Yes/No switch. Yes = handicaps only; No = exclude handicaps. One of the most-used filters, because handicaps and non-handicaps behave very differently.
• Handicap Rating Limit — the upper Official Rating ceiling of a handicap (for example a "0-90" handicap has a limit of 90). Set a range to target a band of handicap quality. Non-handicaps don't have a limit, so they won't match this.

Distance, field size & prize money

• Distance (furlongs) — how far the race is run, from 4 to 40 furlongs, set as a range or a minimum/maximum. (Note: it uses truncated furlongs — spare yards are dropped — to match the Form Expert tool.) Example: 5 to 6 furlongs for sprints.
• Field Size — the number of runners (1 to 60). Set a minimum to avoid tiny fields, or a maximum to focus on small, easier-to-read races. Example: 8+ runners.
• Race Value (£) — the prize money/value of the race in pounds. A rough proxy for how important and competitive a race is — bigger prize, better horses. Set a minimum to chase the better races.

Age limits the race is open to

These describe the age band the race is restricted to (not the individual horse's age — that's in the Horse filters).

• Race Lower Age Limit — the minimum age the race admits (e.g. 3 means open to 3-year-olds and upwards).
• Race Upper Age Limit — the maximum age (e.g. 2 means a 2-year-olds-only race). Open-age races, which anything aged 3 and over can enter, have no upper limit.

Ground softness & the going

• Official Going — the ground description for the race. "Is any of" includes the conditions you tick; "Is none of" excludes them. The scale runs firm-to-soft: Hard, Firm, Fast, Good To Firm, Good, Good To Soft, Soft, Heavy, plus the all-weather settings Standard and Slow. This is the official/forecast going (the going as called before the race).
• Going Adjustment (GA) — Proform's own ground-softness number, measured after the race (so it's a post-race fact). Negative values mean soft/heavy ground, around 0 means good/standard, and positive means firm/fast. Use it for a more precise "how soft was it really" filter than the word-label going. Range -40 to +25.

Non-runners (withdrawals)

A non-runner is a horse that was declared but then withdrawn before the off. Withdrawals trigger "Rule 4" deductions, which distort the prices of the horses left in — so these filters help you isolate or study that.

• Race Had a Non-Runner — Yes/No. Yes = at least one horse was withdrawn (Rule-4 territory); pair with No to isolate clean races with no price distortion.
• Non-Runner Count — exactly how many declared horses were pulled out (0 = none). The more non-runners, the more Rule-4 price distortion there was. Set a range or a threshold.

How exposed the field is

• % First-Time Starters in Race — the percentage of the field making their racecourse debut (0-100%). A high number flags an unexposed, hard-to-read race (typical of early-season 2yo maidens).
• % of Field Won LTO — the percentage of runners that won their last time out ("LTO" = the horse's previous race). A high figure means a field full of in-form, last-day winners — often a competitive, well-backed race.

When the race was run

Calendar filters for seasonal or day-of-week angles.

• Day of Week — pick one or more of Monday through Sunday.
• Month — pick one or more calendar months, January to December.
• Season — grouped months: Spring (Mar-May), Summer (Jun-Aug), Autumn (Sep-Nov), Winter (Dec-Feb).
• Weekend — a Yes/No shortcut for Saturday or Sunday racing (typically bigger, more competitive cards).
• Year — the calendar year of the race (2018 onwards). Match a single year, a list (comma-separated), or a range — useful for checking whether an angle still worked recently.

These four filters describe the racecourse and the ground in a bit more depth than the basic Race-condition filters. Some courses run clockwise, some anti-clockwise; some are flat and galloping, others tight and undulating; and the ground that's actually returned after the race can differ from the going that was forecast beforehand. Reach for these when your idea is about a kind of track — for example "galloping left-handed courses" — or when you want the ground reading that the race actually produced.

Shape and location of the track

• Course Direction — which way the track turns: Left-handed (anti-clockwise) or Right-handed (clockwise). Some horses are markedly better one way round, so this is a common pairing with a horse or trainer filter. Known before the race.
• Course Country — the nation the racecourse is in: Great Britain (GB), Ireland (IRE), Northern Ireland, or UAE. Use it to keep a system to British racing only, or to add Irish meetings. Known before the race.
• Course Characteristics — the physical shape of the track. Tick any of Galloping (long, sweeping, suits big-striding horses), Sharp (tight, favours nimble types), Stiff (a demanding, often uphill finish), Undulating (up-and-down terrain), or Easy. Some courses carry more than one tag (e.g. "Sharp / Undulating"), and this matches each tag — so ticking Sharp will catch a "Sharp / Undulating" track. You'd use this to find, say, all stiff galloping tracks that suit a relentless galloper.

The ground that actually came up

• Actual Going (post-race) — the going returned after the race, as opposed to the official/forecast going used in the Race-condition filters. The scale is the same firm-to-soft range — Hard, Firm, Fast, Good To Firm, Good, Good To Soft, Soft, Heavy, plus all-weather Standard and Slow. Because it's only known after the race has been run, it's a post-race fact, so it's best for back-testing how a system performed on the ground that genuinely materialised rather than what was predicted.

The Horse filters describe the individual runner standing in the parade ring — not the race around it, and not its trainer or jockey (those live in their own groups). Reach for these when your idea is about the animal itself: its age, sex and colour, the weight it carries, where it's drawn, the headgear it's wearing, how long it's been off, and — most powerfully — its own track record at today's course, distance, going and class.

A quick word on two phrases that crop up throughout. A "strike rate" (SR) is simply the percentage of runs that were wins. "PRB" stands for Percentage of Rivals Beaten — a fairer measure of consistency than win/lose, because a horse that finishes 2nd of 12 has still beaten 10 rivals (about 91%) even though it didn't win. "A/E" (Actual over Expected) compares how often something actually wins against how often the betting market expected it to win: 1.0 is bang in line with the market, above 1.0 means it wins more than its odds suggest (i.e. it's been good value), below 1.0 means it under-delivers. "SP" is the Starting Price (the official odds at the off), and "LTO" means Last Time Out (the horse's most recent run).

Identity — who the horse is

• Horse(s) — Type to search and follow one specific horse, or a list of horses. "Is none of" lets you exclude named horses instead. Useful for tracking your own shortlist, or for excluding a horse you never want to back.
• Age — The horse's age in years (2 to 20). You'd use this to, say, target 3-year-olds in early-season handicaps, or restrict a jumps system to seasoned 7yo+ chasers.
• Sex — The horse's sex: Gelding (a castrated male), Filly (young female), Mare (older female), Colt (young entire male), Horse (entire) (older entire male) or Rig. Handy for fillies-and-mares angles, or for filtering to geldings only.
• Colour — The horse's coat colour: Bay, Chestnut, Grey, Brown, Black or Roan. Most often used for the well-known "grey horse" curiosity systems.
• Gelding — A simple Yes/No: is the horse a gelding? (A shortcut for Sex = Gelding.)
• First Time Gelded — Yes means the horse has been gelded since its last run (it was not a gelding LTO). First-time geldings often improve. Horses on their debut are excluded, since there's no "last run" to compare against.

Weight, draw & travel

• Weight (lbs) — The total weight the horse carries, in pounds (80–200). In handicaps, better horses carry more.
• Weight Rank — Where the horse's weight ranks in the field, with 1 = top weight (carries the most). Ranked from the allotted weight, so jockey claims and late non-runners can shuffle it slightly at the off. Use this to back top-weights (often the best horse) or to find well-treated bottom-weights.
• Jockey Claim (lbs) — The weight allowance an inexperienced jockey "claims" (is let off carrying). 0 = an established rider with no claim; 3, 5 or 7 = an apprentice (flat) or conditional (jumps) rider. A 7lb claimer on a well-handicapped horse can be a real edge.
• Penalty (lbs) — Extra weight (0–20 lbs) a horse must carry as a penalty for a recent win, on top of its base weight.
• Weight Change vs LTO (lbs) — Today's weight minus last time out's. Negative = carrying less than last time (often a positive — an easier task). For example, set this to a negative range to find horses dropping weight after a defeat.
• Draw — The stalls number the horse breaks from in a flat race (1–40). Known at declaration, so it works for finding qualifiers. Jumps runners have no draw, so this naturally excludes them. Pair with a course where a high or low draw is known to be an advantage.
• Draw Bias A/E — A clever, pre-computed signal: it takes the A/E (value-versus-market measure) of this runner's third of the stalls (low/middle/high) at today's course and distance band, over the previous 5 years. Above 1 means this part of the stalls has historically been the favoured section. Flat racing only.
• Distance Travelled (miles) — How far the horse has come from its yard to today's course. A short trip can suggest a trainer fancies its chances at a local track; a long haul can be telling too.

Headgear & first-time aids

"Headgear" means equipment fitted to focus a horse or help its breathing. A change — especially first-time headgear — is a classic signal that the trainer is trying to spark improvement. There's one general filter plus a set of "first time" flags for each specific aid.

• Headgear — Matches the horse wearing any of the aids you tick: Blinkers (restrict side vision), Cheekpieces (sheepskin on the cheeks, milder than blinkers), Visor (blinkers with a slit), Hood (covers the ears to calm a horse), Tongue Strap (ties the tongue to aid breathing), Wind Surgery, or No Headgear. Compound codes (e.g. tongue-strap + something) count for both.
• First-Time Headgear — Yes when any headgear is being worn for the first time (the code carries a "1"). The broad version of the angle below.

The next group are the same idea applied to one specific aid — each is a simple Yes/No "worn for the first time":

• First-Time Blinkers — Blinkers on for the first time.
• First-Time Cheekpieces — Cheekpieces on for the first time.
• First-Time Visor — Visor on for the first time.
• First-Time Hood — Hood on for the first time.
• First-Time Tongue Strap — Tongue strap on for the first time.
• First Run After Wind Surgery — Yes for a horse's first run after a wind operation (breathing surgery, Proform's WS1 marker). A popular angle is to combine this with a younger age or a strong trainer to catch horses likely to improve for the op.

Recent activity & days off

• Days Since Last Run — How many days since the horse last ran (0–3000). Low numbers mean a quick turnaround; very high numbers mean a long layoff or a return from injury. Use it to find fresh horses, or to avoid "ring-rusty" returners.
• Runs in Last 90 Days — How many times the horse has run in the past three months (0–30). A measure of how busy and race-fit it is right now.

Course / distance / going / class — the horse's own record

These tell you how well the horse has performed in conditions like today's, before today. They come in matched families, each with a few flavours of the same idea. The key dimensions are Course (today's track), Distance Band (today's trip), Going Group (today's ground conditions, grouped), Class (today's grade) and Career (everything combined).

Always pair a percentage with its matching "Runs" filter — a glittering 100% strike rate from a single run is meaningless, so set a minimum number of runs to demand a real sample.

The "badge" win counts (career wins in specific conditions — these are the C/D/CD/BF badges you see on a racecard):

• Course Wins (career) — Career wins at today's course (the C badge). 1+ means a proven course winner.
• Distance Wins (career) — Career wins at today's distance (the D badge).
• Course & Distance Wins — Career wins over today's course and distance together (the CD badge) — strong evidence the horse goes well at exactly this venue and trip.
• Times Beaten Favourite — How many times the horse has run as a beaten favourite (the BF badge). High counts can flag an unreliable favourite.

Runs & strike-rate pairs (number of past runs in each condition, and the win % from them):

• Horse Runs at Course / Horse SR % at Course — How many times it has run at today's track, and its win rate there.
• Horse Runs at Distance Band / Horse SR % at Distance Band — Runs and win rate at today's trip.
• Horse Runs on Going Group / Horse SR % on Going Group — Runs and win rate on today's type of ground.
• Horse Runs at Class / Horse Wins at Class / Horse SR % at Class — Runs, outright wins and win rate at today's grade (0 runs = first time at this class). Pair Horse Wins at Class with a minimum (say 1+) to demand a proven record at this level, rather than trusting a flattering percentage off a run or two.
• Horse Career Runs / Horse Career SR % — Total career runs (0 = a debutant) and overall career win rate.

PRB family — "% of rivals beaten", a smoother consistency measure than strike rate. There's a standard version and a PRB² ("PRB squared") version that is dominance-weighted — it rewards big, emphatic runs more heavily than narrow ones, so it leans towards horses that win/place with authority rather than just creeping into the frame.

Standard PRB (average % of rivals beaten in prior runs):

• Horse PRB % at Course — at today's course.
• Horse PRB % at Distance Band — at today's trip.
• Horse PRB % on Going Group — on today's ground.
• Horse PRB % at Class — at today's class.
• Horse Career PRB % — across its whole career.

Dominance-weighted PRB² (same five dimensions, squared to favour decisive performances):

• Horse PRB² at Course, Horse PRB² at Distance Band, Horse PRB² on Going Group, Horse PRB² at Class, and Horse Career PRB² — each the PRB² equivalent of the standard version above.

Speed figures — how fast the horse has run

A "speed figure" (Proform's speed rating, shown as a code roughly 0–200) measures how fast a horse actually ran, adjusting for the ground and class. These filters look at the horse's speed figures before today, sliced by where and how it earned them. Two recurring shapes: Best (the single highest figure — peak ability) and Avg (the average figure — typical level). "This code" means today's race type (Turf / All-Weather / Chase / Hurdle / NHF).

• Horse Best Speed at Distance (code) / Horse Avg Speed at Distance (code) / Horse Median Speed at Distance (code) — Highest / average / median speed figure at today's distance band and race type. The Median version uses the middle value rather than the mean, so it's robust to one freak run skewing the picture.
• Horse Best Speed at Course (code) / Horse Avg Speed at Course (code) — Highest / average figure at today's course and race type.
• Horse Best Speed on Going Group (code) / Horse Avg Speed on Going Group (code) — Highest / average figure on today's going group and race type.
• Horse Best Speed (this code) / Horse Avg Speed (this code) — Highest / average career figure in today's race type overall.

Speed versus the par for the grade — these subtract the typical ("par") figure for the class from the horse's figure, so positive numbers mean the horse runs above the standard expected at that level:

• Horse Speed vs Class Par at Distance — Average of (speed figure − class par) at today's distance band and code. A positive value flags a horse running better than its grade demands.
• Horse Speed vs Class Par (this code) — The same idea across the whole of today's race type.

Recent form & trajectory:

• Horse Speed Last 90 Days (code) — Average speed figure over the last 90 days at today's race type — a read on its current form level rather than its career-best.
• Horse Speed Trend vs Career (code) — Recent (90-day) average speed figure minus the career average, at this code. Positive = improving, negative = declining. A neat way to catch a horse on the upgrade.

In-running & "ran better than it looked"

Sometimes a horse runs much better than its finishing position suggests — it travelled strongly and traded short in-running on the exchange before fading or being denied a clear run. These signals catch those hidden improvers, which a plain win/lose record would miss.

• Horse Ran-Well-In-Running % — The percentage of the horse's prior priced runs where its in-running low price came at least halfway in from its Betfair SP (i.e. it was travelling like a winner mid-race), or it actually won. A high value flags a horse repeatedly threatening without it always showing in the result.
• Horse Ran-Well Sample Runs — The number of prior priced runs the figure above is built from. Set a minimum here to make sure the Ran-Well % isn't drawn from a tiny sample.
• In-Running Comment — Searches the written in-running comment for this race, e.g. "led", "held up", "hampered". Post-race only — a research tool for past results, not for finding upcoming qualifiers.
• Run Style (post-race) — How the horse actually ran today: Led, Prominent or Held up. Recorded post-race, so research only. (For an upcoming-runner pace angle, use the LTO version in the Last Time Out group.)

Bet Finder angles — handicap marks, ride style, in-running record

These fields power the Proform Bet Finder's horse buttons, with the exact same definitions — so you can rebuild any Bet Finder angle here and back-test it properly. All are pre-race and work for today's qualifiers.

• Highest Winning Handicap OR — The highest Official Rating this horse has ever won a handicap off, in today's code (flat or jumps). Blank means it has never won a handicap.
• Lbs Below Highest Winning OR — That winning mark minus today's OR. 5+ means the horse is 5lbs or more below a mark it has already won off — the Bet Finder's "Well Handicapped" angle (pair with Handicap = Yes). −5 or less is its "NOT Well Handicapped" lay-side angle: the horse is now rated well above anything it has achieved.
• Jockey Has Won On Horse — Yes when today's declared jockey has ridden this horse to victory before. A proven partnership (the Bet Finder "Jockey Won on Horse" button).
• Horse Wins on Going Group — Career wins on today's type of ground. The Bet Finder's "Likes Going" is 2+ wins with a 15%+ strike rate (pair with the SR filter); "Dislikes Going" is 4+ runs with 9% or less.
• Course Runs (today's race type) / Course Wins (today's race type) / Course SR % (today's race type) — The horse's career record at today's course in today's race type (turf, all-weather, chase, hurdle or NHF) — a sharper cut than the any-code "Course Wins (career)" badge higher up the page. One win or more here is the Bet Finder's "Course Winner" definition, and the runs and strike-rate pair is the exact sample behind its "Likes/Dislikes Course" horse buttons. As always, pair the percentage with a minimum on the runs so one flattering visit can't mislead.
• Distance Wins (within 110y) — Career wins at a distance within 110 yards (half a furlong) of today's trip, at any course — the exact record behind the Bet Finder's "Distance Winner" button.
• C&D Wins (same race) — Career wins at today's course, in today's race type, within 110 yards of today's distance — all satisfied in the same past race. This is the Bet Finder's "C&D Winner": tighter than holding a course win and a distance win earned in different races.
• Distance Runs (today's trip) / Distance Wins (today's trip) / Distance SR % (today's trip) — The horse's record within the Bet Finder's graded trip window of today's distance, in today's race type — its "Horse Form at Distance" numbers. The window widens with the trip: within half a furlong up to 8f, 1f for 9–12f, 1.5f for 13–16f, 2f for 17–20f, 2.5f for 21–24f, and everything from 3m up counts as one band. Pair the strike rate with a minimum on the runs to avoid tiny samples.
• Going Runs (actual going) / Going Wins (actual going) / Going SR % (actual going) — The horse's record on today's going, judging each past run on its actual (returned) going rather than the pre-race forecast, and using the Bet Finder's going buckets — Soft and Heavy pooled together, Good To Firm and Firm pooled, all-weather split by surface — within today's code (flat or jumps). This is the exact record behind the Bet Finder's "Horse Form on Going"; the Going Group fields further up use the standard official-going grouping instead.
• Horse Runs at Course Direction / Horse Wins at Course Direction / Horse SR % at Course Direction — The horse's record going today's way round (left- or right-handed), within today's code. The Bet Finder's "Likes Course Direction" = 2+ wins with SR 15%+; "Dislikes" = 4+ runs with SR 9% or less.
• Prominent Runs (last 5) / Prominent Runs (last 10) / Held-Up Runs (last 5) / Held-Up Runs (last 10) — How many of the horse's last 5 (or 10) pace-coded runs it raced prominently (P) or was held up (H). The count equal to the window (5 of 5, 10 of 10) reproduces the Bet Finder's "Prominent/Held Up Last 5/10 Runs" buttons; a softer "4+ of the last 5" is often more usable.
• Career Runs (this code) — Prior runs in today's code (flat vs jumps) — the sample the two Back2Lay percentages below are measured over.
• Traded 70%+ Below BSP In-Running (% of runs) / Traded 50%+ Below BSP In-Running (% of runs) — In what share of those runs the horse traded massively below its Betfair SP in-running: it repeatedly travels like the winner. The Bet Finder's trading angles: "Likely Back2Lay" = the 70% version in 55%+ of runs, "Possible Back2Lay" = the 50% version in 52%+ of runs — both with Career Runs (this code) between 3 and 10. In-running price coverage starts in 2018, so back-tests using these fields are floored to 2020.
• Runs Traded Below 2.0 In-Running — Prior runs where the horse hit odds-on in running (it looked the winner at some stage).
• Slow-Break Runs (career) — Flat/A-W runs whose in-running comment says the horse missed the break ("dwelt", "slowly away" and similar). The Bet Finder's "Slow Breakers" (a lay/trade angle) is 3 or more.

Earnings & research-only fields

• Horse Earnings Per Start (£) — Career prize money divided by number of starts — a rough quality gauge that blends how good the horse is with how valuable the races it contests are.
• Finishing Position — The horse's position in this race (1–60). This is a research filter only — it restricts your results to, say, winners (set to 1) or placed horses when you're studying what kind of runner won, not for predicting future races.

The Market filters are all about the betting price of a horse and how that price moved. In racing, the price (or "odds") is the market's opinion of a horse's chance — short odds (like 2/1) mean the market thinks it's likely to win, long odds (like 25/1) mean it's an outsider. These filters let you build systems around how fancied a horse was and whether the money came for it or deserted it.

A few terms used throughout, defined once here:

• SP (Starting Price) — the official odds at the moment the race starts, set by the bookmakers. The "final" market verdict on each horse.
• ISP (Industry SP) — the standard bookmaker Starting Price (what you'd see quoted in the results).
• BSP (Betfair Starting Price) — the equivalent figure on the Betfair betting exchange, where punters bet against each other. It often differs slightly from the bookmaker SP.
• Odds-against "to 1" — these price fields are expressed as the number after the slash: 1 = evens (1/1), 0.5 = 1/2 (odds-on), 4 = 4/1. So a smaller number means a shorter price (more fancied).
• Favourite — the horse with the shortest price in the race (the market's top pick).
• Steamer / drifter — a "steamer" is a horse whose price shortens (gets backed), a "drifter" is one whose price lengthens (money walks away).

The price itself

• ISP (odds to 1) — the Industry Starting Price as odds-against. 1 = evens, 0.5 = 1/2, 4 = 4/1. You'd use this to restrict a system to a price band, e.g. set ISP between 2 and 6 to study horses returned 2/1 to 6/1 and ignore both odds-on shots and rank outsiders.
• Price Ratio SP (odds ÷ field) — decimal SP divided by the field size: 3/1 in a 9-runner race = 4.0 ÷ 9 = 0.44; 2/1 in a 3-runner race = 1.0. A price measure you can compare across ANY field size — lower = shorter relative to the field. You'd use this to define "well fancied" consistently whether it's a 5-runner or a 20-runner race, where a raw price band can't. Post-race only (the SP is set at the off).
• Price Ratio BSP (odds ÷ field) — the same measure built on the Betfair SP. Exchange books sum to roughly 100% whatever the field size, so this is the purest field-size-consistent version of the ratio. Post-race only.
• BSP (odds to 1) — the Betfair Starting Price as net odds-against (your stake is excluded, so it's directly comparable to the ISP figures). Use it instead of ISP if you bet on the exchange.
• BF Place Price (odds to 1) — the Betfair Starting Price in the place market (the odds for the horse to be placed rather than to win), as net odds-against — so 1 = evens the place, and it sits on the same "to 1" scale as the win prices above. Post-race. You'd use this to research each-way or place-only angles, e.g. keep only horses whose place price was above a threshold.

Favouritism & market position

Rather than a raw price, these tell you where a horse sat in the betting compared to its rivals — which is often more meaningful than the price on its own.

• Favourite Status — pick from Favourite, Joint Favourite (tied for shortest), 2nd Favourite (second-shortest), or Joint 2nd Favourite. You'd use this to build a "back the favourite" system, or to deliberately study second-favourites.
• SP Rank — the horse's position in the betting order by Starting Price, where 1 = the shortest price (the favourite), 2 = second-shortest, and so on. Similar to Favourite Status but as a number you can put a range on — e.g. SP Rank ≤ 3 keeps only the top three in the market.
• BSP Rank — the same idea but ranked by Betfair SP within the race: 1 = shortest BSP. Post-race data.
• SP Rank Change vs LTO — how the horse's market position has shifted since "LTO" (Last Time Out — its previous race). A negative number means it's better fancied today than last time (it moved up the betting order). You'd use this to find horses the market suddenly rates more highly than it did before. Post-race data.

Bookmaker prices through the day

Bookmakers put up a price the night before and revise it as race day goes on. These three snapshots (all recorded only from 2023, all in decimal odds — where 2.0 means evens, i.e. the price plus your stake back) let you see the price at fixed points and, by comparing them, spot which way the money is flowing.

• Evening Price (decimal) — the bookmaker price the evening before the race (set around 8:30pm). The "overnight" price.
• Breakfast Price (decimal) — the price at about 7:30am on race day.
• Morning Price (decimal) — the price at about 10:30am on race day.

Price moves (the money trail)

This is the heart of the Market category: fields that measure how far and which way a price moved between two points in time. They come in a clear, repeating pattern, so learn the pattern once and the whole family makes sense.

Two flavours of "move":

• Points moves — the difference in odds-against expressed in points. For these, negative means the price got shorter (steamed in), positive means it drifted.
• Percentage shortening — how much shorter one price is than an earlier one, as a percentage. Here the sign is the opposite way round: a positive +% means the horse was backed in (shortened, a steamer), and a negative value means it drifted. For example +20 means "20% shorter".

Points-based moves (negative = steamed in):

• SP Move vs Evening (pts) — SP minus the evening price, in points. Negative = steamed in from the night before.
• SP Move vs Breakfast (pts) — SP minus the breakfast price. Negative = a steamer through the morning.

Percentage shortening — pre-race moves (these compare two prices you already know before the off, so they can be used for finding qualifiers; all from 2023):

• Morning Shortening vs Evening (%) — morning price versus the overnight price. +20 = 20% shorter (backed in); negative = drifted.
• Breakfast Shortening vs Evening (%) — breakfast price versus overnight. +40 = breakfast is 40% shorter than the night before.
• Morning Shortening vs Breakfast (%) — morning versus breakfast. Positive = backed in through the morning, negative = eased. You'd use this to catch a horse the market is piling into late in the morning.

Percentage shortening — moves that end at the SP (these include the final Starting Price, so they're post-race; all from 2023). Positive = steamer, negative = drifter:

• SP Shortening vs Evening (%) — SP versus the overnight price. This is the overall move across the whole period.
• SP Shortening vs Breakfast (%) — SP versus the breakfast price.
• SP Shortening vs Morning (%) — SP versus the morning price — i.e. the late move into the off. You'd use this to isolate late steamers.

Percentage shortening — moves that end at the Betfair SP (post-race exchange data; all from 2023). Positive = shortened into the exchange:

• BSP Shortening vs Evening (%) — Betfair SP versus the overnight price. + = steamer into the exchange, − = drifter.
• BSP Shortening vs Morning (%) — Betfair SP versus the morning price — the late exchange move.
• BSP Shortening vs SP (%) — Betfair SP versus the Industry SP. Positive = BSP is shorter than the bookmaker SP (late/exchange money arrived); negative = BSP is bigger than SP (there was value at the off, the exchange paid more).

In-running (Betfair, during the race)

On the Betfair exchange, prices keep trading while the race is being run. A horse that looks like winning will trade at a very low price in-running; one that's struggling drifts out. These fields capture that — all are post-race only, since the trading happens during the race.

• In-Running Low (decimal odds) — the lowest price the horse was matched at in-running. A very low number means it travelled like a likely winner at some point (e.g. it was "hard to oppose in running"). You'd use this to find horses that looked all over winners yet got beaten — potential unlucky losers worth following next time.
• In-Running High (decimal odds) — the highest price it was matched at in-running. A very high number means it was given no chance at some stage.
• In-Running Low % Below BSP — how far that in-running low traded below the Betfair SP, as a percentage. Positive = it shortened in running (looked dangerous mid-race).
• In-Running High % Above BSP — how far the in-running high traded above the Betfair SP. Positive = it drifted in running (was in trouble mid-race).

This group lets you filter on a horse's ratings — the numbers that try to capture how good a horse is. A rating is just a score: the higher the number, the stronger the horse is judged to be. Some come from the official handicapper (the BHA's mark used to allot weight), and many more are Proform's own ratings — power ratings, speed figures, pace, and so on. You'd reach for these filters when you want to build a system around how a horse is rated rather than its breeding, its connections, or the betting market.

Almost everything here is known before the race runs, so these filters work for live qualifiers (finding today's runners that fit your system) as well as for back-testing past races.

The three-part pattern: Value, Rank, and "Clear by"

This is the single most important thing to understand in this section, and once you've got it the whole group falls into place. Almost every rating comes as a trio of three filters, all describing the same underlying number in three different ways:

• Value — the raw rating itself (e.g. "Official Rating between 70 and 85"). Use this when you care about the actual score.
• Rank — where that rating places the horse within today's race. 1 = top rated (the highest-rated runner in the field), 2 = second top rated, and so on. If two horses share the same rating they share the same rank (a joint top-rated pair are both rank 1). Use this when you care about how the horse compares to its actual rivals, not the absolute number — "top-rated on speed" is a rank filter (Rank = 1).
• Clear by — how many points clear the horse is of the next runner below it on that rating. So "clear by 5" means the horse's rating is 5 points above the second-best in the race. The classic use is to pair it with Rank = 1 to find a horse that is not just top-rated but clearly top-rated — e.g. top-rated on Power Rating AND clear by at least 8 points, which weeds out races where the top two are neck-and-neck. On its own it's measured from the next runner below, so it's most meaningful combined with the matching Rank.

Below, each rating is described once; assume it offers the full Value / Rank / Clear by trio unless noted. A few quick definitions you'll see repeatedly: OR = Official Rating (the handicapper's mark). A speed figure is a number summarising how fast a horse ran, adjusted for the conditions, so runs at different tracks can be compared. LTO means "last time out" (the horse's most recent run). A/E (actual vs expected) doesn't appear in this group but is explained elsewhere.

Headline ratings

• Power Rating — Proform's overall master rating for a horse, blending its form into a single figure of merit. A good first port of call for "how good is this horse, all things considered". Available as Value, Rank and Clear by. Example: Power Rating Rank = 1 and Power Rating: Clear by ≥ 10 isolates dominant favourites on the figures.
• Official Rating — the BHA handicapper's mark, the number used to decide the weight a horse carries in handicaps. Higher = a better horse on official assessment. This is the right field for handicap-mark analysis (e.g. Official Rating between 0 and 75 for lower-grade handicappers). Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• Tissue Rating — Proform's "tissue", an in-house assessment expressed as a rating (a tissue is a forecast of how a horse should be priced/rated for the race). Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• PFR — a Proform rating figure for the horse. Use it like any other rating — as a Value threshold, as a within-race Rank, or with Clear by. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• Pace Rating — a rating reflecting the horse's likely early pace / running style on the figures (front-runners and those who race prominently tend to score differently from hold-up horses). Useful for pace-based angles, e.g. Pace Rating Rank = 1 to find the likely strongest pace figure in a race. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• Pace Rating: % of Race Total — this runner's Pace Rating as a percentage of the race's combined Pace Ratings — in other words, how much of the field's early speed it holds. It's the sharper "will it get an easy lead?" question: a Pace Rating of 8 means little if three rivals also have 8, but a lot if the rest of the field has none. A horse holding 30%+ of the race's pace with a Pace Rating of 8+ is the Bet Finder's "Highly Likely to Lead" profile (Pace Rating 8+ alone is its "Possible Leader"). Computed live within each race, so it works for today's qualifiers too.
• Stats Rating — a rating built from statistical strike-rate-style angles for the runner. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.

Connections-based stats ratings

These four ratings score the runner on the recent record of the people attached to it — the trainer, the jockey, and the two together — plus the horse itself. As with everything here, each has the Value / Rank / Clear by trio (Rank 1 = the best-rated runner in the field on that measure).

• Trainer Stats — a rating reflecting the trainer's statistical record relevant to this runner. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• Jockey Stats — the equivalent rating for the jockey's record. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• Trainer/Jockey Stats — a combined rating for the trainer-and-jockey partnership, capturing how well that specific pairing performs. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by. Example: Trainer/Jockey Stats Rank = 1 to back the strongest partnership figure in the race.
• Horse Stats — a stats-based rating for the horse itself. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.

Speed figures — career and recent

This block covers Proform's speed figures, summarised in a few different ways. "HA" figures are best (highest) speed figures; "MR" figures are average speed figures. "Career" looks across the whole career; "Recent (X Yrs)" restricts to the recent past; and one looks at just the last few runs. Each has the full Value / Rank / Clear by trio, so you can filter on the raw figure, on being top-rated on it within the race, or on being clear of the field.

• Speed: Career Best (HA) — the horse's highest-ever speed figure over its whole career. The classic "how fast has this horse ever been" measure. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• Speed: Recent Best (HA X Yrs) — the horse's best speed figure restricted to recent years, so it isn't flattered by a fast figure from long ago. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• Speed: Career Avg (MR) — the horse's average speed figure across its career (a consistency-style measure rather than a one-off peak). Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• Speed: Recent Avg (MR X Yrs) — the average speed figure over recent years, reflecting the horse's current typical level. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• Speed: Last Runs Avg (MR) — the average speed figure over the horse's most recent handful of runs, the tightest "current form" version. Use it for "in-form on the clock right now" angles. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.

Speed figures from individual recent runs

These pick out the speed figure recorded in one specific recent run, counting back from the latest. "LTO" is the last run; "2 Back", "3 Back" and "4 Back" step further into the past. Use them to demand recent figures of a certain level, or to compare a horse's last few runs. Each has the Value / Rank / Clear by trio.

• Speed Figure LTO — the speed figure from the horse's last run. Example: Speed Figure LTO Rank = 1 finds the horse that posted the fastest figure last time out among today's field. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• Speed Figure 2 Back — the speed figure from two runs ago. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• Speed Figure 3 Back — the speed figure from three runs ago. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• Speed Figure 4 Back — the speed figure from four runs ago. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.

Combined Power/Speed ranks (Bet Finder-style)

Two special rank filters combine the Power Rating rank and the Speed Figure LTO rank into one number — the pair the Proform Bet Finder uses for its "Ratings" and "Speed" buttons. They exist because "top 3 on ratings or speed" can't be written as two ordinary rules (all rules must be true at once), so the combining is done inside the filter instead. Only ratings the horse actually holds are counted — a horse with a Power Rating but no last-time-out speed figure is judged on its power leg alone (a runner needs at least one of the two). Both are ranked live within each race and work for today's qualifiers.

• Power/Speed LTO: Best Rank — the better (lower) of the ranks the horse holds. ≤ 3 means top-3 on ratings or speed (the Bet Finder's "Top 3 Ratings OR Speed").
• Power/Speed LTO: Worst Rank — the worse (higher) of the ranks the horse holds. Above 5 means outside the top 5 on ratings or speed (the Bet Finder's "NOT Top 5 Ratings OR Spd" lay angle).
• Power Rating Rank (all runners) — the Power Rating rank with every runner ranked: horses without a rating sit at the bottom of the field instead of dropping out of the ranking. That is the treatment the lay-side buttons need — "not in the top 5" should catch the unrated runners too, not quietly ignore them. Set it to 6 or more for the Bet Finder's "NOT in Top 5 on Ratings".
• Speed LTO Rank (all runners) — the same every-runner treatment applied to the last-time-out speed figure: horses without a figure rank at the bottom of the field. 6 or more = the Bet Finder's "NOT in Top 5 on Speed".
• Power/Speed LTO: Worst Rank (all runners) — the all-runners version of the Worst Rank above: the worse of the two ranks, with every runner ranked on both scales and missing ratings sitting at the bottom. 6 or more = the Bet Finder's "NOT Top 5 Ratings OR Spd".

For the AND versions ("Top 3 Ratings AND Speed", "NOT Top 5 Ratings AND Spd") you don't need these — pair the ordinary Power Rating Rank and Speed Figure LTO Rank rules and the everything-must-match behaviour does the AND for you.

PRC ratings (per-run class ratings)

The PRC block gives a rating for individual recent runs, plus an average. Like the speed-figure block, you can use the average for an overall picture or the per-run versions to inspect specific recent races. Each has the Value / Rank / Clear by trio.

• PRC Average — the horse's average PRC rating, a single summary figure. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• PRC Last Run — the PRC rating from the horse's most recent run. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• PRC 2nd Last Run — the PRC rating from two runs ago. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.
• PRC 3rd Last Run — the PRC rating from three runs ago. Trio: Value, Rank, Clear by.

How the trio is named in the rule picker. Each rating's three filters appear under the rating's own name: the value form is just the name (e.g. Speed: Career Best (HA)), the rank form adds "Rank" (Speed: Career Best (HA) Rank), and the clear-by form adds ": Clear by" (Speed: Career Best (HA): Clear by). The same pattern applies to every rating on this page — Official Rating: Clear by, Tissue Rating: Clear by, PFR: Clear by, Pace Rating: Clear by, Stats Rating: Clear by, Trainer Stats: Clear by, Jockey Stats: Clear by, Trainer/Jockey Stats: Clear by, Horse Stats: Clear by, PRC Average Rank, PRC Last Run: Clear by, PRC 2nd Last Run Rank, PRC 3rd Last Run: Clear by, Speed Figure LTO: Clear by, Speed Figure 2 Back Rank, Speed Figure 3 Back Rank, Speed Figure 4 Back Rank and so on, right through the speed families (Speed: Recent Best (HA X Yrs) Rank, Speed: Career Avg (MR) Rank, Speed: Recent Avg (MR X Yrs) Rank, Speed: Last Runs Avg (MR) Rank and their Clear-by forms — Speed: Recent Best (HA X Yrs): Clear by, Speed: Career Avg (MR): Clear by, Speed: Recent Avg (MR X Yrs): Clear by and Speed: Last Runs Avg (MR): Clear by). The run-by-run speed figures have their own Clear-by forms too (Speed Figure 2 Back: Clear by, Speed Figure 3 Back: Clear by, Speed Figure 4 Back: Clear by), as does the PRC block (PRC Average: Clear by, PRC 2nd Last Run: Clear by, plus PRC 3rd Last Run Rank to complete its trio — 1 = top rated, joint ratings share a rank). Every Clear-by reads the same way: points clear of the next-rated runner below on that scale, at its most powerful paired with the matching Rank = 1 rule to mean "top-rated and clear by at least N".

These filters use RaceMetrics' own ratings — the numbers we calculate in-house, shown on every racecard. They are different from the official handicap mark and from the Proform speed/power figures in the main Ratings group. RaceMetrics ratings are Elo-style: every horse, trainer, jockey, sire, dam, damsire and owner carries a rating that goes up when they do better than expected and down when they do worse, race after race. Most sit on a scale from about 1000 to 2000, where a higher number means a stronger record. ("Elo" is the same rating idea used in chess — you gain points beating strong opponents and lose points to weaker ones.)

The big thing to understand: these are point-in-time. When you back-test, the System Builder uses each runner's rating as it stood on the day of that race — not today's rating. So a horse that has since improved won't get credit for it in an old race. That keeps your results honest and avoids "knowing the future".

You'd reach for this group when your idea is about class and quality — "only the highest-rated horse in the race", "a horse running for one of the strongest trainers", "the best-bred runner on paper" — rather than about the form details, the market, or the going.

The Value / Rank / Clear-by pattern

Most ratings in this group come as a small family of related filters. Learn the pattern once and it applies everywhere:

• Value — the rating number itself (e.g. "Horse Rating is 1500 or more"). Use this to set an absolute quality bar.
• Rank — where that rating places the runner within today's race. 1 = best in the race, ranked across the declared field. Use this for ideas like "the top-rated horse" regardless of the actual number, because a 1500 might be top in a weak race but mid-pack in a strong one. Joint ratings share a rank.
• Clear by — how many points the runner is ahead of the next-best runner below it. This measures dominance. Pair it with Rank = 1 to mean "top-rated, and clear by at least N points" — i.e. a standout, not a runner just nudging ahead of the pack. Example: Rank = 1 plus Clear by ≥ 20 finds horses that are comfortably top-rated.

Horse rating

• Horse Rating (RM) — the horse's own RaceMetrics rating (about 1000–2000) as it stood for that race. This is the single best "how good is this horse" number we hold. Example: set it to 1500 or more to confine a system to genuinely well-regarded horses.
• Horse Rating (RM) Rank — its place in the field; 1 = the best-rated horse in the race. A classic starting point is Rank = 1 (back the top-rated runner) or Rank ≤ 3 (top three on ratings).
• Horse Rating (RM): Clear by — points clear of the next horse below. Combine with Rank = 1 to find clear standouts rather than narrow toppers.

Connections ratings (trainer, jockey, owner)

Each of the people around the horse also carries a RaceMetrics rating, again on the ~1000–2000 scale, point-in-time. Higher = a stronger recent record. Each comes as a Value plus a Rank (1 = best in the race).

• Trainer Rating (RM) / Trainer Rating (RM) Rank — the saddling trainer's strength. Use the Value for "a strong yard" (e.g. 1500+), or the Rank for "the most powerful trainer in the race".
• Jockey Rating (RM) / Jockey Rating (RM) Rank — the rider's strength. Handy for "a leading jockey booked" angles, or pairing a high jockey rating with a modestly-priced horse as a positive-booking signal.
• Owner Rating (RM) / Owner Rating (RM) Rank — the owner's record. Useful for spotting runners from powerful ownership operations.

Breeding ratings (sire, dam, damsire)

The horse's pedigree is rated too — the sire (father), dam (mother) and damsire (mother's father) each have their own RaceMetrics rating and rank. These are most useful for first-time-out or lightly-raced horses, where there's little form to go on and breeding does a lot of the talking (for example, a well-bred debutant on a surface or trip its sire's runners handle well). Same ~1000–2000 scale, point-in-time, Rank 1 = best in the field.

• Sire Rating (RM) / Sire Rating (RM) Rank — the father's rating and its rank in the race.
• Dam Rating (RM) / Dam Rating (RM) Rank — the mother's rating and rank.
• Damsire Rating (RM) / Damsire Rating (RM) Rank — the maternal grandsire's rating and rank.

Combined connection score

• Combined Score (RM) — the weighted RaceMetrics Combined connection score that's shown on racecards: it blends the connections' ratings into one number on the ~1000–2000 scale. Use it when you want a single "how strong is everything around this horse" figure rather than filtering on trainer, jockey and breeding separately.
• Combined Score (RM) Rank — its rank in the field; 1 = the best connections package in the race.
• Combined Score (RM): Clear by — points clear of the next runner below. Pair with Rank = 1 for "the standout connections package, clear by at least N".

Form-quality scores

These two aren't about a participant's standing — they grade how good a runner's recent form actually was, in ways a bare result can't show.

• Future Form Score / Future Form Score Rank — on a 0–100 scale, how well the runner's recent races have "worked out" — i.e. how the horses it ran against have gone on to perform since. A high score means it was beaten by (or beat) horses that turned out to be useful, so the form is reliable. The Rank (1 = best in the race, ranked across the declared field) lets you pick the runner whose form has been most strongly franked.
• Collateral Score / Collateral Score Rank — collateral form measured through shared rivals: it links horses that have met common opponents to judge who is really stronger. The scale runs roughly −5000 to +5000; positive = the form is franked (the runner looks well in on collateral lines), negative the opposite. The Rank (1 = best in the race, ranked across the declared field) finds the runner with the strongest collateral case.

AI rating

• AI Rating — the rating taken from our AI racecards, on a 0–200 scale. Important caveat: it has limited historical coverage (only about 8% of past runs), so a back-test over the AI Rating will be based on a small slice of history. It's best used for qualifiers (finding today's and tomorrow's runners) rather than for long historical back-tests, where the thin coverage can mislead.
• AI Rating Rank — its rank within the field; 1 = the AI's top-rated runner. Same coverage caveat applies.

The Connections filters are about the people behind each runner — the trainer (the yard that prepares the horse), the jockey (the rider), and the owner — plus a few breeding stats that sit alongside them. Every horse in a race has these connections, and they matter: a trainer in red-hot form, a jockey who is riding winner after winner, or an owner with a strong record can all tilt the odds.

You reach for these filters when your idea is about who rather than the horse itself — for example "only back runners from a trainer whose yard is firing right now", or "follow this one specific jockey". Many of these come as a repeating set of related numbers (a runs count, a strike rate, an A/E, and sometimes an ROI), measured over a recent time window. We explain that pattern once below, then list the family members.

Two pieces of jargon you will meet repeatedly. Strike rate (SR%) = the percentage of runners that won (5 winners from 50 runs = 10%). A/E = "Actual over Expected" — how many winners they actually had versus how many the betting market expected them to have; 1.0 is market-par, and a number above 1.0 means they beat the market (winning more often than their odds implied). SP means Starting Price, the official odds at the off.

Who's involved — search filters

These three let you name specific people. Start typing and pick from the search list; you can choose several at once.

• Trainer(s) — pick one trainer or a list of trainers to follow. Use this to build a system around a yard you rate (e.g. "only this trainer's runners").
• Jockey(s) — pick one rider or a list. Use it to follow a particular jockey, or a stable of riders you trust.
• Owner(s) — type to search and multi-select one owner or a list. "Is none of" excludes a list, and "Contains" matches part of a name — handy for big operations whose horses run under slightly different ownership labels (e.g. anything containing "Godolphin").

Trainer recent form (the time-window family)

These describe how well the trainer's yard has been doing lately, across all their horses. They come in matching sets for two rolling windows — the last 14 days and the last 28 days — plus a "last 50 runners" set. The pattern for each window is the same: a Runs count (how many runners the yard had), a SR% (what share won), an A/E (did they beat the market), and for 28 days an ROI too.

• Trainer Runs (14d) — number of runners the yard has had in the last 14 days. A higher number means an active, in-form stable (and a bigger sample behind the SR/A/E).
• Trainer SR % (14d) — win strike rate over the last 14 days. Use it to catch a hot streak, e.g. "only trainers striking at 20%+ this fortnight".
• Trainer A/E (14d) — Actual/Expected wins over 14 days; above 1.0 means the yard is beating the market right now.
• Trainer Runs (28d) — runners in the last 28 days (a steadier, larger window than 14d).
• Trainer SR % (28d) — win strike rate over the last 28 days.
• Trainer A/E (28d) — Actual/Expected wins over 28 days.
• Trainer ROI % (28d) — return on investment over 28 days, betting 1 point on every runner at SP. Positive means a level-stakes profit; this is the bottom-line money figure rather than just how often they win.
• Trainer SR % (last 50 runs) — win strike rate over the yard's most recent 50 runners. A run-count window rather than a calendar one, so it always rests on the same sample size.
• Trainer A/E (last 50 runs) — Actual/Expected wins over the last 50 runners.

Trainer streaks and stable size

• Trainer Runs Since Win — how many runners the yard has had since it last won. 0 = it won with its most recent runner; a high number flags a stable out of form (or, to contrarians, one "due").
• Trainer Days Since Win — calendar days since the yard's last winner. Same idea measured in time rather than runners.
• Trainer Runners Today — how many horses this trainer has declared at today's meeting(s). Use it for angles like "trainer has only one runner today" (sometimes a sign of a targeted go) or to spot a busy multi-runner day.

Jockey recent form (same family, for the rider)

Identical idea to the trainer windows, but counting the jockey's rides. Again: gate strike-rate and A/E with the matching rides count.

• Jockey Rides (14d) — number of rides the jockey has had in the last 14 days (activity / sample size).
• Jockey SR % (14d) — win strike rate over the last 14 days. Catch a rider on a hot run.
• Jockey A/E (14d) — Actual/Expected wins over 14 days; above 1.0 = beating the market.
• Jockey Rides (28d) — rides in the last 28 days.
• Jockey SR % (28d) — win strike rate over 28 days.
• Jockey A/E (28d) — Actual/Expected wins over 28 days.
• Jockey ROI % (28d) — level-stakes (1pt, SP) return over 28 days; positive = a profit following all their rides.
• Jockey SR % (last 50 rides) — win strike rate over the rider's most recent 50 rides.
• Jockey A/E (last 50 rides) — Actual/Expected wins over the last 50 rides.
• Jockey Rides Since Win — rides since the jockey last won. 0 = won on the latest ride.
• Jockey Rides Today — how many rides the jockey is booked for today.

Trainer + jockey working together

This trio looks specifically at the combination of today's trainer and today's jockey — their joint record when they pair up. A strong combo can be more telling than either alone (some yards have a "go-to" rider for their best chances).

• Trainer/Jockey Combo Runs — career runs for this exact trainer-jockey pairing before today. Use it as the sample-size gate for the two below.
• Trainer/Jockey Combo SR % — win strike rate when this trainer books this jockey.
• Trainer/Jockey Combo A/E — Actual/Expected wins for the pairing; above 1.0 = the combo beats the market. Example: "combo A/E above 1.2 with at least 20 combo runs" finds a profitable partnership with enough evidence behind it.
• Trainer/Jockey Combo Runs (5yr) / Trainer/Jockey Combo SR % (5yr) / Trainer/Jockey Combo A/E (5yr) / Trainer/Jockey Combo Expected Wins (5yr) — the Bet Finder's version of the pairing record: the last 5 years only, within today's code (flat or jumps), with the A/E measured against the Betfair-style expected price and an Expected Wins figure as the sample-size guard (market-expected wins — how many winners the pairing "should" have had at its prices). The Bet Finder's "Good Together" button shows at A/E 1.1+ with 5+ expected wins, so those two rules recreate it exactly. Use the career trio above for the broadest view of a partnership; use these four when you want the exact Bet Finder definition.

At-course records (Bet Finder "Good/Bad at Course")

These measure how a trainer, jockey, trainer/jockey partnership or sire performs at today's course in today's race type — the numbers behind the Bet Finder's "Good at Course" and "Bad at Course" buttons, with the exact same definitions. Trainer, jockey and partnership records cover the last 5 years; the sire's covers 2014 onwards. Each comes as a quartet: Runs, SR %, A/E and Expected Wins. The A/E here is measured against the Betfair-style expected price (no bookmaker margin), so 1.0 really is market-par. The Bet Finder's gates translate directly: "Good at Course" = Expected Wins 5+ with A/E 1.1+; "Bad at Course" = Expected Wins 5+ with A/E 0.7 or less — always pair the A/E with the Expected Wins guard so a tiny sample can't flatter.

• Trainer Runs at Course (5yr) / Trainer SR % at Course (5yr) / Trainer A/E at Course (5yr) / Trainer Expected Wins at Course (5yr) — the trainer's record at today's track and race type over the last 5 years: the exact numbers behind the Bet Finder's trainer "Good/Bad at Course" buttons.
• Jockey Rides at Course (5yr) / Jockey SR % at Course (5yr) / Jockey A/E at Course (5yr) / Jockey Expected Wins at Course (5yr) — the jockey's equivalent: rides, strike rate and market-beating record at today's course and race type over the last 5 years.
• Trainer/Jockey Runs at Course (5yr) / Trainer/Jockey SR % at Course (5yr) / Trainer/Jockey A/E at Course (5yr) / Trainer/Jockey Expected Wins at Course (5yr) — the partnership's record when this trainer and this jockey team up at today's track, same 5-year window and race-type scope.
• Sire Runs at Course / Sire SR % at Course / Sire A/E at Course / Sire Expected Wins at Course — progeny record at today's track and race type (2014 on): the Bet Finder's "Likes/Dislikes Course" sire buttons.

Situational records (Bet Finder "Good With..." family)

These measure how a trainer (or, for the last one, a sire) performs with runners in a specific situation — returning from a break, wearing headgear for the first time, making a handicap debut, and so on. They power the Bet Finder's "Good With First Time Headgear"-style buttons with the exact same definitions: rolling 5-year records, split flat vs jumps, with the A/E measured against the Betfair-style expected price. Each comes as the usual quartet — Runs, SR %, A/E and Expected Wins — and the Bet Finder gates carry over: good = Expected Wins 5+ with A/E 1.1+; bad = Expected Wins 5+ with A/E 0.7 or less.

One special property: these numbers are only filled in when today's runner is actually in the situation. So a rule like "Trainer w/ LTO Winners: A/E ≥ 1.1" does two jobs at once — it keeps only horses that won last time out, and only those whose trainer has a strong record following up with them. You never need a separate rule for the situation itself.

• Trainer w/ Break Returners: Runs (5yr) / Trainer w/ Break Returners: SR % (5yr) / Trainer w/ Break Returners: A/E (5yr) / Trainer w/ Break Returners: Expected Wins (5yr) — the trainer's record with horses matching today's return profile: either off 90+ days or back out within a week. Only populated when today's runner fits one of those bands.
• Trainer w/ 1st-Time Headgear: Runs (5yr) / Trainer w/ 1st-Time Headgear: SR % (5yr) / Trainer w/ 1st-Time Headgear: A/E (5yr) / Trainer w/ 1st-Time Headgear: Expected Wins (5yr) — record with runners wearing headgear (blinkers, visor, hood...) for the first time. Only populated when today's runner wears a first-time aid.
• Trainer w/ LTO Winners: Runs (5yr) / Trainer w/ LTO Winners: SR % (5yr) / Trainer w/ LTO Winners: A/E (5yr) / Trainer w/ LTO Winners: Expected Wins (5yr) — record with horses that won their most recent start (can the yard follow up?). Only populated when today's runner won last time out.
• Trainer w/ Stable-Switch 1st Runs: Runs (5yr) / Trainer w/ Stable-Switch 1st Runs: SR % (5yr) / Trainer w/ Stable-Switch 1st Runs: A/E (5yr) / Trainer w/ Stable-Switch 1st Runs: Expected Wins (5yr) — record with horses on their first run after joining from another yard.
• Trainer w/ Stable-Switch 2nd Runs: Runs (5yr) / Trainer w/ Stable-Switch 2nd Runs: SR % (5yr) / Trainer w/ Stable-Switch 2nd Runs: A/E (5yr) / Trainer w/ Stable-Switch 2nd Runs: Expected Wins (5yr) — the same for the second run for the new yard.
• Trainer w/ 1st Handicap Runs: Runs (5yr) / Trainer w/ 1st Handicap Runs: SR % (5yr) / Trainer w/ 1st Handicap Runs: A/E (5yr) / Trainer w/ 1st Handicap Runs: Expected Wins (5yr) — record with horses making their handicap debut (often a well-planned target). Only populated when today is the horse's first-ever handicap.
• Trainer w/ 2yo Debutants: Runs (5yr) / Trainer w/ 2yo Debutants: SR % (5yr) / Trainer w/ 2yo Debutants: A/E (5yr) / Trainer w/ 2yo Debutants: Expected Wins (5yr) — record with two-year-olds on debut in today's race type (does the yard have them ready first time?).
• Trainer w/ 2yo 2nd Starts: Runs (5yr) / Trainer w/ 2yo 2nd Starts: SR % (5yr) / Trainer w/ 2yo 2nd Starts: A/E (5yr) / Trainer w/ 2yo 2nd Starts: Expected Wins (5yr) — record with two-year-olds on their second start (classic improvers' angle).
• Sire w/ 1st-Time Headgear: Runs (5yr) / Sire w/ 1st-Time Headgear: SR % (5yr) / Sire w/ 1st-Time Headgear: A/E (5yr) / Sire w/ 1st-Time Headgear: Expected Wins (5yr) — the sire's progeny record when headgear goes on for the first time. Only populated when today's runner wears a first-time aid.

Breeding stats living in this group

A handful of pedigree-performance numbers sit here too (separate from the pure pedigree names in the Breeding section). Sire/damsire/owner stats are snapshotted as-of the 1st of the race's month, so they reflect what was known at the time.

• Sire Runs on Going Group — how many of the sire's offspring ("progeny") have run on today's going group (the going is bucketed into Firm+, Good, Good-Soft, Soft-Heavy, and All-Weather). The sample gate for the next two.
• Sire SR % on Going Group — win strike rate of the sire's offspring on today's going group. Use it to back the progeny of a sire whose stock clearly handle, say, soft ground.
• Sire A/E on Going Group — Actual/Expected wins for the sire's progeny on this going; above 1.0 = the market under-rates them in these conditions.
• Sire Runs at Distance Band — number of the sire's progeny runs at today's distance band (sample size).
• Sire SR % at Distance Band — win strike rate of the sire's offspring at today's trip — useful when you suspect a sire's stock want a specific distance.
• Sire Earnings Per Start (£) — career prize money per run across all the sire's progeny: a broad measure of the quality of stock a sire throws.
• Damsire A/E (career) — Actual/Expected wins, career-long, for the offspring of today's damsire (the broodmare's sire — the maternal grandsire). Above 1.0 = a maternal line the market tends to under-rate.
• Owner Runs (career) — career runs for today's owner (sample size for the two below).
• Owner SR % (career) — career win strike rate for the owner.
• Owner A/E (career) — Actual/Expected wins for the owner across their career; above 1.0 = an ownership whose horses beat the market.
• Sire Runs on Going (BF) / Sire SR % on Going (BF) / Sire A/E on Going (BF) / Sire Expected Wins on Going (BF) — the exact record behind the Bet Finder's "Sire Likes Going" button: progeny runs on today's going bucket — with each past run judged on its actual (returned) going rather than the forecast — in today's race type, since 2018. The A/E is on the Betfair-basis expected price and the Expected Wins field is its sample-size guard: "Sire Likes Going" shows at A/E 1.1+ with 5+ expected wins. Distinct from the sire going-group stats above, which use the standard going groups.
• Sire Runs at Distance (BF) / Sire SR % at Distance (BF) / Sire A/E at Distance (BF) / Sire Expected Wins at Distance (BF) — the exact record behind the Bet Finder's "Sire Likes Distance" button: progeny runs within the Bet Finder's graded trip window of today's distance (the same widening window described under the horse's "Distance Runs (today's trip)" — from half a furlong for sprint trips out to 2.5f for staying trips), in today's race type, since 2018. "Sire Likes Distance" shows at A/E 1.1+ with 5+ expected wins — pair the A/E with the Expected Wins guard.

The Breeding & Pedigree filters describe a horse's family tree and the circumstances of its birth — who its parents and grandparents are, where it was bred and born, and how mature it is likely to be for its age. Pedigree shapes what a horse is built to do: some sire lines pass on stamina, others speed, some a knack for soft ground.

You would reach for these when your idea is about breeding rather than recent form — for example "only the progeny of this sire", "only Irish-bred horses", or "only the most physically forward two-year-olds". A few quick definitions: the sire is the father, the dam is the mother, and the damsire (or broodmare sire) is the dam's father — the maternal grandsire. Progeny just means a horse's offspring. (Note: pedigree performance stats like a sire's strike rate live in the Connections section; this section is about the names, origins and birth timing themselves.)

Naming the family

These four let you pick out specific bloodlines or breeders. Start typing to search, and select one or several. "Is none of" excludes a list, and "Contains" matches part of a name.

• Sire(s) — the father. Type to search and multi-select a list of sires to follow, or exclude a list. Use this to build a system around the offspring of a sire you rate.
• Damsire(s) — the broodmare sire (maternal grandfather). Pick a list, or exclude one. Useful when a particular maternal line is known to add stamina or soft-ground aptitude.
• Dam(s) — the mother. Search and multi-select a list, exclude a list, or match part of the name. Handy for following the progeny of a notable broodmare.
• Breeder — matches when the breeder's name contains your text, e.g. "Godolphin" or "Juddmonte". Lets you target (or avoid) the output of a specific breeding operation.

Where it was bred and born

• Country of Birth — where the horse itself was foaled. Options: Ireland, Great Britain, USA, France, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, New Zealand, Brazil. Use it for angles like "Irish-bred only" or to test how foreign-bred imports perform.
• Sire Country — the country associated with the sire (the father's base). Same list of countries. Use it to lean towards a particular regional sire pool.

The sire's age and crop

A sire's age tells you which "crop" (year-group of offspring) is running. Very young sires have only their first foals on the track, which is an unproven but sometimes profitable angle for sharp punters.

• Sire Year Born — the calendar year the sire was foaled. A direct way to target older, established sires or brand-new ones.
• Sire Age at Race (yrs) — the sire's age in the year of this race. As the help notes, young sires of 4-6 are throwing their first crops. Use it to filter to (or away from) unproven first-crop stock.
• First-Season Sire — a Yes/No flag for the progeny of a young sire (age 4-6), i.e. its first or second crops on the track. The one-click version of the age filter above, for the classic "first-season sire" angle where the market hasn't yet learned how good (or bad) the stock are.

How mature for its age

Thoroughbreds share an official birthday (1 January in the northern hemisphere), so a foal born in January is, in real terms, months older — and usually physically stronger — than one born in May of the same year. That maturity edge matters most for juveniles (young horses) early in the season.

• Foaling Month — the actual birth month (January through December). Pick the months you want; earlier-born horses are physically more mature as youngsters.
• Early Foal (Jan/Feb) — a Yes/No flag for horses born in January or February, the most physically forward youngsters. The shortcut for the classic "early foal in a juvenile race" angle — combine it with young horse ages and early-season months for the full edge.

"Last time out" (LTO) just means the horse's most recent previous run. These filters don't describe today's race at all — they describe what the horse did the last time it raced: where it finished, how far it was beaten, what kind of race it was, what price it went off at, and so on. They're how you build the classic form angles bettors talk about — "won last time", "dropping in class", "beaten favourite last time", "first run back after a break".

Because everything here is a settled historical fact (it already happened), these filters work for qualifiers too — i.e. they can flag horses in upcoming races, not just in your back-test of past races.

There are also two smaller sets that look further into the past: 2 Runs Back (the run before last) and 3 Runs Back (the one before that). They work exactly like the LTO fields — same idea, just one or two runs deeper into the form. You'd use them to demand a pattern rather than a single recent run, e.g. "placed both of its last two starts".

How it finished last time

• LTO Finishing Position — where the horse finished last time. 1 = it won last time out. You can use "is" (exactly), "is up to" (e.g. ≤3 = placed in the first three), or a range. A horse that didn't complete (fell, pulled up, unseated, etc.) has no number, so it never matches 1–60 here. Example: set this to 1 to follow last-time-out winners.
• LTO Distance Beaten (lengths) — how many lengths behind the winner it was last time. 0 = it won. Finishers only. Example: 0–2 lengths finds horses that ran the winner close last time without necessarily winning.
• LTO Favourite Status — its position in the betting market last time: Favourite, Joint Favourite, 2nd Favourite, Joint 2nd Favourite, or "Not 1st or 2nd Fav". Example: combine LTO Favourite Status = Favourite with LTO Finishing Position set to 2 or worse to find a beaten favourite last time — a horse the market liked but that didn't deliver.
• Beaten Favourite LTO — Yes = the horse went off outright favourite last time and did not win (a fall or other non-completion counts as beaten; joint favourites do not count). This is the exact Bet Finder "Beaten Favourite" definition, ready-made — the one-rule version of the Favourite Status + Finishing Position combination above.
• Placed LTO (place terms) — Yes = the horse won or finished in the official each-way places last time out (top 2, 3 or 4 depending on that race's field size); No = it ran and missed the places. Debutants are excluded either way — a horse with no last run never matches.
• LTO Run Style — how the horse ran the race last time: Led (made the running), Prominent (raced up with the pace), or Held up (settled at the back early). Useful for pace angles, e.g. front-runners that led last time.
• LTO In-Running Comment — searches the written race comment from last time for words like led, held up, hampered, every chance. "Contains" matches the phrase; "does not contain" excludes it. Great for catching unlucky-in-running horses the bare result hides.

The conditions of that last run

These describe the race the horse last ran in — handy when you want it to have already proven itself (or struggled) under particular conditions before today.

• LTO Class (1-7) — the class of last time's race (1 = best, 7 = weakest). Choose a range, a list, or an exact class.
• LTO Distance (furlongs) — the trip last time, in furlongs (4–40). A furlong is one-eighth of a mile.
• LTO Official Going — the official ground description last time (Hard, Firm, Fast, Good To Firm, Good, Good To Soft, Soft, Heavy, Standard, Slow).
• LTO Actual Going — the returned going for last time's race (the going as actually reported), same list of options. Use this when you trust the post-race ground description over the pre-race forecast.
• LTO Course — the racecourse the horse last ran at (pick one or more courses).
• LTO Course Direction — whether last time's track was Left-handed or Right-handed.
• LTO Course Characteristics — the shape of last time's track: Galloping (long, sweeping), Sharp (tight, quick turns), Stiff (testing, often uphill finish), Undulating (up-and-down), or Easy. Matches if any selected shape applies.
• LTO Course Country — where it last ran: Great Britain, Ireland, Northern Ireland, or UAE. Example: spot horses arriving from Ireland or returning from a Dubai campaign.
• LTO Field Size — how many runners were in last time's race (1–60).
• LTO Race Type — the code last time: Turf, A/W (all-weather), Chase, Hurdle, or NHF (National Hunt Flat / "bumper").
• LTO Classification (any of) — the race "label" last time: Maiden, Novice, Selling, Claiming, Classified, Nursery, Conditions, Auction, Rated Stakes, Fillies, Mares, Juvenile, EBF, Group 1–3, Grade 1–3, Listed, or Hunters Chase. Matches if last time's race carried any one you pick (a race can hold several). Example: select Maiden + Novice to find horses stepping up out of beginner races.
• LTO Draw — the stalls number it had last time (flat racing). Jumps runners have no draw.
• LTO Days Off (before that run) — how many days the horse had been off before its last run (0–3000). Note this is the gap leading into last time, not the gap into today (for today's gap, use "Days Since Last Run" in the Horse group).

Weight, jockey and headgear last time

• LTO Weight (lbs) — the weight it carried last time, in pounds (80–200).
• LTO Weight Rank — its weight position in last time's field. 1 = top weight (carried the most). Lower numbers = more weight.
• LTO Jockey Claim (lbs) — the weight allowance the jockey claimed last time. 0 = a fully qualified jockey; 3/5/7 = an apprentice or conditional (less experienced) rider claiming pounds off.
• LTO Headgear — any aid worn last time: Blinkers, Cheekpieces, Visor, Hood, Tongue Strap, Wind Surgery, or No Headgear. Matches if any selected aid was worn.

Market and ratings last time

• LTO ISP (odds to 1) — the Starting Price last time, as odds-against (e.g. 4 = 4/1, 1 = evens). Example: 0.01–3 finds horses sent off relatively short last time.
• LTO Price Ratio SP (odds ÷ field) / LTO Price Ratio BSP (odds ÷ field) — the Price Ratio for the horse's LAST run: decimal odds that day (bookmaker SP, or BSP — the Betfair Starting Price) divided by that race's field size. How fancied it was relative to the field, comparable across field sizes — and because it's a settled historical fact, it works for qualifiers. Also available two and three runs back (see the 2 Runs Back and 3 Runs Back list below).
• LTO SP Rank — its position in the betting last time, by price. 1 = it was the favourite. Example: a top-3 market rank last time that didn't win can flag a fancied horse worth another look.
• LTO Tissue Rating — Proform's pre-race "tissue" (a forecast price/rating) from last time. (This is its own rating scale — don't compare it directly against other rating types.)

Change vs last time (today compared to LTO)

These don't describe last time on its own — they measure the difference between today and last time, so you can build "moving up/down" angles.

• Class Change vs LTO — today's class number minus last time's. A positive number means today's class number is higher, i.e. the horse has dropped in class into an easier race; a negative number means it's stepped up in class. Example: +1 or more finds class-droppers.
• OR Change vs LTO — today's Official Rating minus last time's. Positive = the handicapper has raised the horse's mark since last time (it now has to carry more weight). Example: combine a positive OR move with a non-winning LTO finish to find "the handicapper put it up but it didn't actually win".
• Distance Change vs LTO (furlongs) — today's trip minus last time's. Positive = stepping up in distance; negative = dropping back. Example: +2 or more finds horses going up two furlongs or further.
• Class Change vs last same-code run — like Class Change vs LTO, but measured against the horse's last run in the same code as today (flat runs compared with flat, jumps with jumps), so a switch between codes doesn't muddy the comparison. Today's class number minus that run's: positive = dropped into an easier grade, negative = up in class. Both classes must be known, so debutants and unclassified races never match.
• Distance Change vs last same-code run (furlongs) — today's trip minus the horse's last run in the same code (flat or jumps), in real furlongs. This is the measure behind the Bet Finder's "Up/Down in Distance" buttons — its 2f+ threshold is a true 440 yards. Positive = stepping up in trip against its last comparable run; negative = dropping back.

"Same as last time" toggles

• Same Course as LTO — Yes = the horse is back at the exact course it last ran at; No = it isn't.
• Same Going as LTO — Yes = today's going matches last time's; No = the ground has changed.
• Full of Running LTO — a sectional-data signal: on its most recent completed run (a fall / pulled-up / unseated run is skipped over), the horse was beaten but still recorded a top-2 run-out speed and finished faster than par in a field of 5 or more — i.e. it looked like it had plenty left and is one to forgive. This matches the "FoR LTO" badge on the racecard. Sectional coverage: ARC courses historically, RMG courses from May 2026; no Irish data.

2 Runs Back and 3 Runs Back

These two smaller sets mirror the LTO fields, but for the run before last (2 runs back) and the one before that (3 runs back). Use them when one recent run isn't enough proof and you want a consistent pattern — for example demanding the horse finished in the first three across each of its last two or three starts, or that it has run at a similar trip more than once.

Each of these two sets offers the same fourteen building blocks (with the same options and meanings as their LTO equivalents above):

• Finishing Position — 2nd-LTO Finishing Position / 3rd-LTO Finishing Position. 1 = won that run; non-completions never match 1–60.
• Run Style — 2-Back Run Style / 3-Back Run Style: Led, Prominent, or Held up.
• Class (1-7) — 2nd-LTO Class (1-7) / 3rd-LTO Class (1-7).
• Distance (furlongs) — 2nd-LTO Distance (furlongs) / 3rd-LTO Distance (furlongs).
• Official Going — 2nd-LTO Official Going / 3rd-LTO Official Going (same going list).
• Course — 2nd-LTO Course / 3rd-LTO Course.
• ISP (odds to 1) — 2nd-LTO ISP (odds to 1) / 3rd-LTO ISP (odds to 1), the Starting Price that run.
• Price Ratio SP / BSP (odds ÷ field) — 2nd-LTO Price Ratio SP (odds ÷ field) / 3rd-LTO Price Ratio SP (odds ÷ field), and on the exchange side 2nd-LTO Price Ratio BSP (odds ÷ field) / 3rd-LTO Price Ratio BSP (odds ÷ field): the decimal odds that day (bookmaker SP or Betfair SP) divided by that race's field size — how fancied it was relative to the field, on a scale you can compare across any field size.
• Field Size — 2nd-LTO Field Size / 3rd-LTO Field Size.
• Race Type — 2nd-LTO Race Type / 3rd-LTO Race Type: Turf, A/W, Chase, Hurdle, NHF.
• Favourite Status — 2nd-LTO Favourite Status / 3rd-LTO Favourite Status: Favourite, Joint Favourite, 2nd Favourite, Joint 2nd Favourite, or Not 1st or 2nd Fav.
• Days Off (before that run) — 2nd-LTO Days Off (before that run) / 3rd-LTO Days Off (before that run): the layoff the horse had going into that run. Useful for spotting form that came off a freshening break, or forgiving a flat run that came too quickly after the previous one.
• Headgear — 2nd-LTO Headgear / 3rd-LTO Headgear: what it wore that day. Compare across the last three runs to catch headgear going on or coming off mid-form-cycle.
• Distance Beaten (lengths) — 2nd-LTO Distance Beaten (lengths) / 3rd-LTO Distance Beaten (lengths): lengths behind the winner that day; winners and non-completions never match. Pair with the LTO version to demand two near-misses in a row — a horse knocking on the door.
• Draw — 2nd-LTO Draw / 3rd-LTO Draw: the stall it started from that day (flat races). Handy for forgiving a bad run from a hopeless draw two starts back.
• Weight (lbs) — 2nd-LTO Weight (lbs) / 3rd-LTO Weight (lbs): the weight the horse carried that day.
• Weight Rank — 2nd-LTO Weight Rank / 3rd-LTO Weight Rank: 1 = it was top weight that day.
• SP Rank — 2nd-LTO SP Rank / 3rd-LTO SP Rank: 1 = it went off favourite that day. Lets you ask "was this horse fancied two or three starts back?" — a beaten favourite from two runs ago is often still well handicapped.
• Tissue Rating — 2nd-LTO Tissue Rating / 3rd-LTO Tissue Rating: the forecast-price tissue rating it held going into that race.
• Jockey Claim (lbs) — 2nd-LTO Jockey Claim (lbs) / 3rd-LTO Jockey Claim (lbs): the apprentice/conditional weight allowance claimed that day (0 = a full professional rode).
• Class Change — Class Change vs 2nd-LTO / Class Change vs 3rd-LTO: today's class number minus that run's. +1 or more = today is a drop in grade compared with that start; negative = a step up. Combine with Class Change vs LTO to demand a horse sliding steadily down the grades — or one being campaigned upwards.
• OR Change — OR Change vs 2nd-LTO / OR Change vs 3rd-LTO: today's official rating minus the mark it carried that day. Shows what the handicapper has done to the horse across its last two or three runs — a horse -5 vs two starts back has been dropped 5lb since then.
• Distance Change (furlongs) — Distance Change vs 2nd-LTO (furlongs) / Distance Change vs 3rd-LTO (furlongs): today's trip minus that day's. Positive = stepping up in distance compared with that run.
• Actual Going — 2nd-LTO Actual Going / 3rd-LTO Actual Going: the going that actually rode that day (the returned going, not the pre-race forecast).
• Course Direction — 2nd-LTO Course Direction / 3rd-LTO Course Direction: whether that run was on a left- or right-handed track.
• Course Characteristics — 2nd-LTO Course Characteristics / 3rd-LTO Course Characteristics: the shape of the course it ran at that day (stiff, sharp, undulating, galloping…).
• Course Country — 2nd-LTO Course Country / 3rd-LTO Course Country: where that run took place — e.g. find horses whose second-last start was in Ireland.
• Classification (any of) — 2nd-LTO Classification (any of) / 3rd-LTO Classification (any of): the race classifications that day (maiden, novice, seller, nursery…). "Won a maiden two starts back, now handicapping" is built from this.
• Same Course — Same Course as 2nd-LTO / Same Course as 3rd-LTO: yes/no — that run was at today's course. Deeper course-form than the LTO flag alone.
• Same Going — Same Going as 2nd-LTO / Same Going as 3rd-LTO: yes/no — that run was on today's official going.

This group is all about a horse's career record so far — how many times it has run, how often it has won or placed, what kind of races it has contested, and how its form has been trending. Reach for these filters when you want to demand some proven ability or experience ("only horses that have won at least twice"), or when you want to find a specific career profile ("lightly-raced maidens", "battle-hardened handicappers", "horses on a long losing run").

Every number here is calculated point-in-time. That means it only counts races that happened before the race you're looking at — never the race itself or anything after it. This is the honest way to back-test: when the System Builder checks a horse's record for a race run in 2021, it uses only what was known up to that day, exactly as you would have known it at the time. So "All Wins" for a debutant is 0, and a horse that has run ten times shows its first nine when assessed for its tenth start.

The big grid: a metric repeated for every race code

Most of this group is one simple idea repeated across the different kinds of racing. For each race code you get the same four counts:

• Runs — how many times the horse has run in that code.
• Wins — how many of those it won.
• Places — how many it placed in (here places means 2nd–4th only, excluding wins).
• Hcap Runs — how many of those runs were in handicaps.
• Maiden Runs — how many were in maiden races.

The race codes covered are: All (everything combined), Flat, Turf, A/W (all-weather), Jumps (everything over obstacles), Chase, Hurdle and NHF (National Hunt Flat / "bumpers"). Every filter accepts a single value, a minimum, a maximum, or a range. A common, sensible use is a minimum count to insist on experience — for example, All Wins ≥ 2 to demand a proven winner, or Flat Runs between 1 and 3 to find lightly-raced types still open to improvement. You'd reach for the code-specific versions when your angle only applies to one discipline — say Chase Wins ≥ 1 for a proven jumper over fences.

All codes — All Runs (career), All Wins (career), All Places (career), All Hcap Runs (career), All Maiden Runs (career).

Flat — Flat Runs (career), Flat Wins (career), Flat Places (career), Flat Hcap Runs (career), Flat Maiden Runs (career).

Turf (Flat run on grass) — Turf Runs (career), Turf Wins (career), Turf Places (career), Turf Hcap Runs (career), Turf Maiden Runs (career).

A/W (all-weather surfaces such as Polytrack or Tapeta) — A/W Runs (career), A/W Wins (career), A/W Places (career), A/W Hcap Runs (career), A/W Maiden Runs (career).

Jumps (all racing over obstacles combined) — Jumps Runs (career), Jumps Wins (career), Jumps Places (career), Jumps Hcap Runs (career), Jumps Maiden Runs (career).

Chase (over the bigger fences) — Chase Runs (career), Chase Wins (career), Chase Places (career), Chase Hcap Runs (career), Chase Maiden Runs (career).

Hurdle (over the smaller flights) — Hurdle Runs (career), Hurdle Wins (career), Hurdle Places (career), Hurdle Hcap Runs (career), Hurdle Maiden Runs (career).

NHF (National Hunt Flat / bumpers — for jumps-bred horses but with no obstacles) — NHF Runs (career), NHF Wins (career), NHF Places (career), NHF Hcap Runs (career), NHF Maiden Runs (career).

Career strike-rates

These turn the raw counts above into percentages. Crucially, a strike-rate on its own can be misleading: a horse that has run once and won shows 100%, but that tells you almost nothing. Always pair a strike-rate with the matching Runs filter so you only catch horses with a meaningful sample — for example Flat Win SR % ≥ 20 and Flat Runs (career) ≥ 5. Each is a percentage from 0–100 and accepts a minimum, maximum or range.

• All Win SR % — career win strike-rate across all codes combined.
• All Place SR % — career frame strike-rate (won OR placed) across all codes. Note this one includes wins, unlike the "Places" counts above.
• Flat Win SR % — career win strike-rate on the Flat.
• Flat Place SR % — career won-or-placed rate on the Flat (includes wins).
• Jumps Win SR % — career win strike-rate over Jumps.
• Jumps Place SR % — career won-or-placed rate over Jumps (includes wins).

Cheltenham Festival history

A set of filters for one special meeting — the Cheltenham Festival in March, jump racing's championship week. They let you build angles around horses with festival experience or a festival-winning pedigree of form. The first is a count; the rest are simple Yes/No flags.

• Cheltenham Festival Runs — how many times the horse has previously run at the Festival (a count, 0 if never).
• Ran at Cheltenham Festival — Yes/No: has it ever run there before?
• Won at Cheltenham Festival — Yes/No: has it ever won there?
• Placed at Cheltenham Festival — Yes/No: has it ever finished 2nd–4th there?
• Won or Placed at Cheltenham — Yes/No: has it ever won OR placed at the Festival? A handy single switch for "proven at the top level".

Form trends & droughts

These describe the shape of recent form rather than lifetime totals — useful for spotting horses coming into form, going off the boil, or due a change of luck.

• Runs Since Last Win — consecutive runs without a win (0 = won last time out). A horse that has never won shows its full career run count here. Use it to find in-form types (a low number) or to avoid horses on a long losing run.
• Days Since Last Win — calendar days since the horse last won. Horses that have never won are simply excluded (they have no value). You'd use this to find a horse that hasn't won for a long time but might be turned out under the right conditions.
• Best Finish (last 6) — the best finishing position among the completed runs in its last 6 starts (fallers, pulled-up and unseated runs are skipped over, not counted as a finish). 1 means it won one of them. Lower is better.
• Average Finish (last 6) — the average finishing position across those completed last-6 runs. A lower average points to consistent, near-the-front form.
• Overexposure % — the horse's career runs compared with the average career runs of its rivals in today's race (100 = exactly average; above 100 = more raced / more "exposed" than the field; below 100 = less exposed and potentially still progressive). Handy for finding the unexposed improver in a field of grizzled veterans.
• Wins in Last 3 Runs — how many of the last 3 starts were wins (0–3). "Won 2 of last 3" = set this to 2 or more. Needs at least 3 prior runs to apply.
• Top-3 Finishes in Last 3 Runs — how many of the last 3 starts finished in the top 3 (0–3). "Placed in all of the last 3" = set this to 3.

Jumping reliability

Three filters specifically for jumps horses, measuring how cleanly a horse gets round over obstacles — important because a faller or a horse that pulls up wins you nothing.

• Jumps Completions (career) — career jumps runs the horse actually completed (i.e. finished, rather than falling, being pulled up or unseating its rider).
• Jumps Non-Completions (career) — career jumps runs it did not complete (fell / pulled-up / unseated / refused / ran-out). 0 = a flawless record so far.
• Jumps Completion % — the share of its career jumps runs it completed. A low figure flags a faller or pulled-up risk you may want to avoid.

Situational change flags

Finally, a few Yes/No flags that capture a recent change in the horse's circumstances — the kind of "first time" or "now eased" angles that can spark improvement.

• First Run for New Trainer — Yes/No: this is the horse's first start since moving to a different trainer (a different yard from last time). Debutants are excluded. A classic angle — a new trainer can revive a horse.
• Second Run for New Trainer — Yes/No: the horse's second run for its current trainer (it joined them two runs ago and ran for them last time too). Catches the "now fully tuned by the new yard" follow-up.
• Second Run After Gelding — Yes/No: the horse's second start since being gelded (the operation happened two runs ago). This pairs with the First Time Gelded flag in the Horse group, which catches the very first run after gelding.
• Dropped in Grade vs 3 Runs Back — Yes/No: today's race is a lower grade (a higher class number) than the race three runs ago — i.e. the horse has been eased down in class across its recent campaign, often to find an easier opportunity.

This group is about how a horse runs a race, not just where it finished. Most form data only tells you the result. Sectionals break the race into segments and time each one — so we can see whether a horse came home fast at the end, jumped quickest out of the stalls, gained or lost places mid-race, and even how it physically moves (how long its stride is, how quickly its legs turn over). These clues often reveal a horse that ran better than its finishing position suggests, or one that wants a different trip.

Two things to know before you use these filters. First, they need the Sectionals add-on — they are only available to Proform Premium members who have sectional access. Second, sectional timing isn't recorded at every racecourse, and the camera-based (biometric) data is newer, so some of these fields only have data from 2023 onwards. Where that applies it's flagged below. If you build a system using these and get fewer matches than expected, the limited coverage is usually why — always pair a sectional figure with its matching "Runs" counter so you're not judging a horse on one or two races.

A few quick definitions you'll meet here. Sectional = the race timed in pieces. Finishing speed % = how fast a horse ran its closing stretch compared to its own average pace (100 = exactly average for that horse; over 100 = it quickened up). Par = the typical figure for that grade and ground, so you can tell good from merely fast. LTO = "last time out", the horse's most recent run. BSP = Betfair Starting Price (the odds at the off on the exchange).

How a horse moves — stride biometrics

These describe the horse's physical running action, averaged over its earlier runs that had sectional data. They hint at the kind of horse it is — a quick-turnover sprinter type versus a long-striding galloper. You'd use them to find horses whose natural action suits today's trip. Always gate them with the runs counter so you're not reading one race.

• Horse Avg Cadence (str/s) — average stride frequency (strides per second) over the horse's prior sectional runs. Higher = quicker leg turnover, a more sprinter-like action. You'd use this to hunt out fast-turnover types for a sharp 5–6 furlong sprint.
• Horse Avg Stride Length (ft) — average stride length in feet. Longer = more ground covered per stride, a galloping action that often suits longer trips and galloping tracks.
• Horse Runs with Sectionals — how many of the horse's past runs actually have stride data behind those two averages. This is a sample-size gate: set it to (say) 3 or more so cadence and stride-length aren't based on a single run. Use it alongside the two fields above, not on its own.

Away from the stalls — gate speed

Gate speed measures how quickly a horse gets into its stride from the start — useful for spotting natural fast starters, which matters most in big-field sprints and on draw-sensitive tracks. This is camera-based, so it only exists at biometric courses and the data starts in 2023.

• Horse Gate Speed (avg %ile) — the horse's average "quickest away from the stalls" ranking, shown as a percentile from 0 to 1, over its prior sectional runs. 1 = always the fastest into stride; 0.5 = middle of the pack. Use a high value to find horses likely to grab an early lead or a good early position. Biometric courses only, so data from 2023.
• Horse Gate-Speed Runs — how many past runs have gate-speed data. The sample-size gate for the field above — pair them so you don't judge gate speed off one start.

Right trip or wrong trip — Distance DNA

These compare a horse's sectional running pattern against the horses that win at the trips it has been running, to judge whether today's distance actually suits it. This is one of the more powerful sectional ideas: it can flag a horse crying out for further (or shorter) before the result makes it obvious.

• Horse Cadence vs Winners (str/s) — the horse's average stride frequency minus the typical winner's at the same trips. Negative = slower turnover than the winners (a sign it wants further); positive = quicker turnover (it may want shorter). You'd use a negative band to find horses stepping up in distance who should improve for it.
• Horse Distance DNA — the same idea boiled down to a plain verdict you pick from a list: Wants further, Wants shorter, or Right trip. The friendliest version of the cadence-vs-winners comparison. Needs at least 3 prior sectional runs before a verdict is given, so it won't fire on lightly-raced horses.

Movement through the race — in-running positions

• Horse In-Running Positions Gained (avg) — the average number of places the horse gained (+) or lost (−) during the running of its earlier sectional races. A positive figure marks a habitual closer that picks rivals off; a negative one flags a horse that tends to lead or race prominently and then fade. Use it to find strong-finishing types, especially for tracks and trips where coming from off the pace pays.

This race vs last time out — the sectional pairs

The remaining sectional fields come as matched pairs: one measures the figure in the current/selected race (these are post-race facts, used when you're researching past results), and a second "LTO" version measures the same thing on the horse's last run. The LTO version is a settled historical fact, so it can be used to pick out today's qualifiers (e.g. "horses that finished fast last time"). For each pair, the meaning of the number is identical — only which race it's measured on changes. They are:

• Run-Out Speed (this race) / LTO Run-Out Speed — the horse's closing run-out speed taken from the sectionals (how fast it was travelling at the business end). A high LTO run-out speed is a classic "kept finding" signal worth following next time.
• Max Upgrade lbs (this race) / LTO Max Upgrade lbs — the biggest sectional "upgrade", expressed in pounds. This converts a strong sectional performance into a weight figure — how much better the horse looked on the clock than the bare result, in pounds. A big positive LTO upgrade flags a horse that arguably ran to a much higher level than it finished.
• Finishing Speed % (this race) / LTO Finishing Speed % — how fast the horse ran its closing section relative to its own average pace: 100 = its own average, above 100 = it quickened up at the end, below 100 = it was slowing. A high LTO finishing speed % is a sign the horse was running on through the line and may have more to give.
• Finishing Speed vs Par (this race) / LTO Finishing Speed vs Par — the finishing speed measured against a ground-adjusted par (the standard for that grade and going) rather than the horse's own average. Positive = it finished faster than par for the conditions, so this tells you whether a fast finish was genuinely good or just normal. Use a positive LTO band to find horses that beat the closing standard last time.
• In-Running Positions Gained (this race) / LTO In-Running Positions Gained — places gained or lost during this one race (or last time out): +ve = it closed and passed rivals; −ve = it faded. The single-race cousin of the career average above. A strongly positive LTO figure points to an unlucky-or-not, hard-running closer to follow.

Sectional angles — Hard-Luck & Full of Running

Two one-tick Yes/No flags that package the same angles as the Hard-Luck Finder, so you can back-test and build systems on them. Each asks whether a run qualified as that angle; the LTO versions (the useful ones) ask whether the horse's last run did — i.e. "back the horse next time".

• Hard-Luck Story LTO — the horse was beaten last time, but the sectional model has it finishing first once its one inefficient section is corrected (checked, forced wide, or burned up in a duel). This is the standout sectional angle: backing these next start won about 19% of the time (against a ~11% baseline) for a small but genuine edge — roughly +3–4% ROI at Betfair SP net of commission over 7,000+ bets. Modest on its own, so pair it with a class-drop or a price band to sharpen it — e.g. adding "dropping in class" pushes the ROI past +8%. (There's also Hard-Luck Story (this race) for research on the current race — post-race, so back-test only.)
• Full of Running LTO — the horse was beaten last time but was still travelling fast after the line (top-2 run-out speed) and finished quicker than par. This is the emerald FoR LTO racecard badge. Honest note: these win more often than average next time, but at Betfair SP it's roughly break-even — the market already prices the eyecatcher in — so treat it as a shortlisting signal, not a blind bet. (A Full of Running (this race) research version exists too.)

RaceMetrics Tips

This last field isn't a sectional — it lets you bring our own published daily tips into your system as a building block. It's handy for two opposite jobs: back-testing the tips against history, or filtering them out so you only see your angles.

• RaceMetrics Tip — a simple Yes/No flag. Yes = the runner was a published RaceMetrics daily tip; No = exclude the tips. Combine it with your own rules to test how the tips performed under certain conditions (e.g. "RaceMetrics Tips, in handicaps, at 5/1 or shorter"), or set it to No to make sure your system is finding something the tips didn't already flag. Tips data goes back to 2019.